Closed innovation implies that an organization does what with its research?

Closed innovation refers to a model where organizations focus on internal resources, capabilities, and knowledge to conduct research and develop innovations, keeping their processes and findings proprietary. This means that the organization does not open its innovation processes to external collaborations, partnerships, or the public, instead safeguarding its intellectual property and ideas within the company.

By using proprietary systems, these organizations ensure that their research and development activities remain confidential and not accessible to competitors or the public, which can provide them a competitive edge in their market. Therefore, the emphasis on maintaining proprietary systems is central to closed innovation, as it highlights the strategy of protecting intellectual property and controlling the innovation process from outside influence.