Which of the following describes traditional change management approaches?

The emphasis on traditional change management approaches is well embodied by the inclusion of established models like Lewin's three-step model (unfreeze-change-refreeze) and Kotter's eight steps for leading change. These models highlight a structured methodology for implementing change within organizations and are widely recognized for their foundational principles in the field.

Lewin's model provides a systematic framework for managing change by first preparing the organization (unfreezing), then implementing the change (changing), and finally ensuring that the changes are solidified in the organization’s culture (refreezing). Similarly, Kotter's model outlines key stages such as creating urgency, forming a guiding coalition, and anchoring new approaches in the culture. Both of these models emphasize the importance of a clear, step-by-step process that can guide organizations through the complexities of change.

Other options do not accurately capture the essence of traditional change management. For instance, focusing solely on training and workshops overlooks the comprehensive strategies required for successful change, while an exclusive focus on individual performance neglects the broader organizational dynamics at play. Similarly, prioritizing financial accountability does not encompass the holistic view that traditional change management models advocate, which includes aspects such as communication, leadership, and organizational alignment throughout the change process.